Environment Vocabulary
Climate change, pollution, conservation, and sustainability โ essential vocabulary for IELTS Writing Task 2 and Speaking Part 3.
pollution
nounBand 5The introduction of harmful substances into the natural environment
โAir pollution in major cities has reached dangerous levels in recent years.โ
renewable energy
noun phraseBand 5Energy from sources that are naturally replenished, such as wind or solar power
โGovernments must invest heavily in renewable energy to combat climate change.โ
deforestation
nounBand 5The large-scale clearing of forests, typically for agriculture or urban development
โDeforestation in the Amazon threatens thousands of plant and animal species.โ
carbon emissions
noun phraseBand 6The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, primarily from burning fossil fuels
โReducing carbon emissions is central to every national climate strategy.โ
biodiversity
nounBand 6The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat or on Earth as a whole
โUrban expansion continues to erode biodiversity in coastal wetlands.โ
sustainability
nounBand 6The ability to maintain processes without depleting natural resources or harming the environment
โCorporations are under increasing pressure to demonstrate environmental sustainability.โ
greenhouse gas
noun phraseBand 6A gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming
โMethane is a potent greenhouse gas released by livestock farming.โ
ecological footprint
noun phraseBand 7A measure of the environmental impact of an individual or community based on resource consumption
โAdopting a plant-based diet is one of the most effective ways to reduce your ecological footprint.โ
mitigation
nounBand 7Action taken to reduce the severity or impact of a problem, especially climate change
โClimate mitigation strategies must be implemented alongside adaptation measures.โ
habitat destruction
noun phraseBand 7The process by which a natural habitat is made unable to support the species that live there
โHabitat destruction remains the primary driver of species extinction worldwide.โ
carbon footprint
noun phraseBand 7The total amount of greenhouse gases produced by an individual, organisation, or activity
โAirlines are under pressure to offset their considerable carbon footprint.โ
sequestration
nounBand 7The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide in natural sinks such as forests or oceans
โReforestation programmes support carbon sequestration on a significant scale.โ
anthropogenic
adjectiveBand 8Originating in human activity, particularly with reference to environmental change
โThe scientific consensus is that current global warming is primarily anthropogenic.โ
ecosystem services
noun phraseBand 8The benefits that humans derive from functioning ecosystems, such as clean water, pollination, and climate regulation
โThe economic value of ecosystem services provided by mangroves is often overlooked.โ
decarbonisation
nounBand 8The process of reducing the carbon dioxide output of a country, industry, or activity
โRapid decarbonisation of the energy sector is essential to meeting net-zero targets.โ
Explore More Topics
Put your environment vocabulary to the test
Take a focused drill on this topic or use the AI Writing Evaluator to see how well you apply this vocabulary in an essay.