Globalisation Vocabulary

The movement of people from one place to another, typically to live or work

“Mass migration from rural to urban areas is a defining trend of the 21st century.”

A policy in which a government does not restrict imports or exports

“Free trade agreements have lowered consumer prices but also contributed to job losses in manufacturing.”

The sharing of ideas, values, traditions, and practices between different cultures

“International tourism facilitates cultural exchange and promotes mutual understanding.”

A company that operates in multiple countries, with its headquarters in one home country

“Multinational corporations often relocate production to countries with lower labour costs.”

The emigration of highly educated or skilled workers from one country to another

“Brain drain from developing nations to wealthier ones widens the global development gap.”

A mutual reliance between countries, economies, or people

“Global supply chains illustrate the deep economic interdependence between nations.”

The process by which cultures become increasingly similar to one another, often as a result of globalisation

“The global spread of American fast food chains is cited as evidence of cultural homogenisation.”

The network of organisations, people, and activities involved in producing and delivering a product to consumers

“The pandemic exposed the vulnerability of global supply chains to sudden disruption.”

A population dispersed from its original homeland to other parts of the world

“The Indian diaspora maintains strong cultural and economic ties with the subcontinent.”

The practice of having work done by an external company, often in a different country, to reduce costs

“Outsourcing manufacturing to lower-wage countries has been controversial in many developed economies.”

A person who moves to another country primarily to improve their economic situation, rather than fleeing persecution

“The distinction between economic migrants and refugees is legally significant but often blurred in practice.”

Money sent by migrants to family members in their home countries

“Remittances from overseas workers constitute a significant portion of GDP in several developing countries.”

The idea that all human beings belong to a single global community, transcending national or cultural boundaries

“Cosmopolitanism challenges the primacy of national identity in an era of mass migration.”

A competitive dynamic in which countries lower regulatory or labour standards to attract investment

“Without international coordination, globalisation can trigger a race to the bottom in environmental standards.”

Systems of rules and institutions that operate across national borders to manage global issues

“Climate change and pandemic preparedness require stronger transnational governance mechanisms.”